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The Origins of Central Banking:
Solutions to the Free-Rider Problem
by: J. Lawrence Broz

Find more source in this free pdf ebook about:

• Central Banks before 1900, like:
  • Sverige Riksbank – Sweden (1688)
  • Bank of England – England (1694)
  • Banque de France – France (1800)
  • Bank of Finland – Finland (1811)
  • Nederlandsche Bank – Netherlands (1814)
  • Austrian National Bank -Austria (1816)
  • Norges Bank -Norway (1816)
  • Danmarks Nationalbank – Denmark (1818)
  • Banco de Portugal – Portugal (1846)
  • Belgian National Bank – Belgium (1850)
  • Banco de Espana – Spain (1874)
  • Reichsbank – Germany (1876)
  • Bank of Japan – Japan (1882)
  • Banca D’Italia – Italy (1893)
  Source: Goodhart, Capie, and Schnadt 1994, 6.
  Note: The table excludes central banking institutions of the Netherlands Antilles (1828), Indonesia (1828), Bulgaria (1879), and Serbia (1883).

• Historical Patterns in Central Banking
• Characteristics of early central banks
• The Bank of England
• The First Bank of the United States
• The Second Bank of the United States

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